Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te kawhe hohonu tika mō tōu rerekētanga?

Tīmata: Whakarāpopoto Hui Kario Ora

Taura muka whatu kua whakawhānui ake i te whakawhitinga kōrero hui tūmatanui me te hononga huihuinga mai i ā rātou whananga. I te timatanga o te rautau tua-20, kua whanake ake ēnei kario mai i tētahi hangarau hōu hei waahanga matua o te whaiwhakaaro inihua anō huihuinga o nāianei. I timata ā rātou haerenga ki te whakamātau i te whakaputanga o te māramara ā-kiriata, ka tipi haere ki te whakauru i ngā whakawhitinga kōrero tere, roa hui tūmatanui i runga i te whakaaetanga o te tangata i ēnei rā. Kua arahina tēnei whanawhana e te hiahia ki te nekehanga eke pono, ki te whakawhitinga korero huihuinga i roto i ngā huihuinga nui.

Ko ngā kawhe rama hiko e whakamahi ana i te aronga o te whakaputanga i ngā rama ki roto i ngā kōhatu rānei, ngā pāpaku rānei. Kei te rite tēnei mahinga ki te tuku i ngā tohu hei ngā puhipuhi rama, e āki ai te rere o ngā raraunga ki ngā tere whakapua. Ina eke haere ana te rama i roto i ēnei kōhata, ka taea te neke i ngā raraunga ki ngā tawhiti nui me te iti noa te ngaro, e hāngai ai te hauwehea o ngā kawhe rama hiko ina huihui ai mō ngā whatunga whakawhitinga korero o te ao. Ko tēnei he whakapai ake nui mai i ngā kawhe paraihe tawhito, e whakamahi ana i ngā tohu hikoira e taea ai te whakarupeke i te taha roa o ngā tawhiti.

Kāore i te tino whakamahara ngā kōhatu hiko hei tautoko i ngā waihanga hihiani o ngā inanenga o ēnei rā. Kaua ko ngā kawhepara, kei te tuku ake ngā kawhe hiko i te pana motuhake me te tere, he mea nui ki te tautoko i ngā here pānui e tipu haere ana i ngā wāhi rerekē, mai i te ipurangi kāinga ki ngā punapuna rorohiko nui. Ko te tuhono matua o te ipurangi tere, e tuku ana i ngā painga pērā i te iti ake te roa me te whakapai ake i te kaha. Kia pēra tonu tātou e whakamahi ai i te whakawhitinga korero matihi, ka noho tonu ngā kawhe hiko hei tāpoi nui ki te whakauru i te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau whakawhitinga korero me ngā rorohiko.

Te Tōpūtanga o te Mātātoko: Te Whirihau Kaitiaki ki Ōu Hiahia Rorohiko

Te Mārama ki te Tōpūtanga o te Mātātoko i ngā Kawhe Hiko

Ko te mata o ngā kawhe rara he wāhanga matua e pa ana ki te mahi pai o te tuku aho. Ko te roa o ngā mata ka neke atu i te 62.5µm ki te 9µm, ā, ko te rahi o ia mata ka whai tikanga rerekē ai ki ngā arataki o te kawhe. Hei tauira, ko te mata o te 62.5µm he mea noa ki ngā kawhe maha-ara, e tautoko ana i ngā tawhitinga poto ake me ngā taputapu whakamātau ake. I te taupua, ko te mata o te 9µm he mea hōu ki ngā kawhe takitahi-ara, e mōhiotia ana mo te tautoko i ngā tawhitinga roa ake me ngā awahanga anō teitei ake. Ko te kōwhiri i te rahi o te mata he mea nui, ina hoki koinei te mea e pa ana ki te mahi aha o te tuku aho me te ngaro o te tohu. Ngā mata nui ake, e kitea nuitia ana i ngā kawhe maha-ara, whakaaetia kia maha ake te aho e tukuna atu ai, kia āwhina ai i ngā tere rara kei runga i ngā tawhitinga poto ake. Heoi anō, he nui ake te ngaro tohu i ngā kawhe takitahi-ara.

Te Painga o te Mata ki te Tuku Tohu

Ko te tōraro o te korewa e pa ana ki te whakahaerenga o ngā whakauru tohu mā te whakatau i ngā āheinga rohe. Ko ngā korewa rahi ake ka taea te whakauru i te nui ake o ngā raraunga, e pai ai ki ngā taiao e herea ana ki te tere raraunga teitei i runga i ngā roa poto. Ko te hononga i waenganui i te tōraro o te korewa me te rohe e kitea ana i te ara e māmā ai ngā kiriata multimode i ngā tere raraunga pērā i te 10GbE, 40GbE, te tae noa ki te 100GbE ki roto i tētahi tūmau raraunga. Heoi anō, ko te nui ake o te tōraro ka nui ake hoki te whakamāmātanga me te whakaputangitanga. I whakapākehia mai e ngā rangahau ko ngā kiriata multimode he whakaputangitanga nui te uru atu ki te roa poto, e whakarupeke ai i ō rātou āheinga mō ngā hononga whakawhitinga roa. No reira, ko ngā kiriata kotahi te arataki, me te iti ake o te tōraro o te korewa, ka pakari ai ki ngā whakamahinga roa mā te whaitua i te wehe tohu me te whakapai ake i te āheinga rohe, ka tiakina ai te angitu o te ipurangi tere teitei.

Te Whirihau Kapi Ki Ōu Hiahia Rarangi

Kia pai ai te mahi ake o te whatunga, ko te whiriwhiri i te karioke tika e hiahiatia ana he mārama ki ngā āhuatanga o te diameter pūpahi me te momo karioke. Ko ngā karioke kotahi-mōhiotia, ki runga i te itinga ake o te diameter pūpahi, he tino pai mō ngā whakamahinga e herea ana ki te roa o te tuku raraunga me te tere. Ko ō rātou rate whakamutunga iti me te whānui ake o te pūmahara he tino tautua mō ngā whakapaparanga honohono e herea ana ki te whakawhanaketanga tūpono me te nui o ngā raraunga. I te tuanui atu, ko ngā karioke maha-mōhiotia he pai pea ki ngā wāhi e arataki ana ki te whakauru i ngā ratonga utu-tauā me te tuku raraunga e herea ana i runga i ngā tawhā iti ake. No reira, ko te whiriwhiri i waenganui i ēnei whakapae e rua me whai wāhi mai te whakauru i ngā here tawhā, ngā tere raraunga e hiahia ana, me ngā tikanga taiao motuhake kia tūmanakihia ai te rite tino pai rawa me te ārai i te whatunga i āianei me āmuri nei.

Single-Mode vs. Multi-Mode: Te Whiriwhiri i te Karioke Tika mō Tō Whatunga

Single-Mode Fiber: Te Tere Roa-Rawa

Ko te kiriata kotahi te rongonui mo tana whai pono me te angitu ki te whakawhitinga raraunga i ngā tawhitinga roa, e hiahiatia ana mō ngā whatunga e hiahiatia nui ana. Ko tana hoahoa, e whai kaha ana i te karihi pakaru o te 9µm, e whakaae ai i te whiti kia haere tika i runga i te kiriata kaua ko te pekepeke, e iti ake ai te whakamāmātanga waitohu. Ko tenei āhuatanga e pai ai ki te whakawhitinga i ngā tawhitinga tino roa me te tere tino, ina heke ki ngā tono pērā i ngā whatunga whakawhitinga korero me ngā pokapū raraunga nui. Ka taea e ngā kiriata kotahi te tautoko i ngā tawhitinga wawe kei te taha ake i ā rātou anamata multi-mode, e tata ki te 100 kiromita te roa kaore he kaiwhakawātea.

Kiriata Maha-Tīra: Te Whakauru Tawhiti Iti

Heoi anō, kei te tuku a multi-mode fiber i tētahi whakaeke e iti ana moni mō ngā hiahia ipuapua poto. Mā te rahi ake o te kōpiko, e 50µm, neke atu rānei i te 62.5µm, āwhina i tēnei momo fiber kia māmā ai ngā arataki marama ki te haereere, e hua ai he utu iti ake mō ngā taputapu me te whakauru. Ko ngā tere raraunga ka taea e ngā multi-mode fibers he nui rawa over pōturi poto, e tautoko ana i te 10GbE ki te 300 mita. E ai ki tēnā, ko te multi-mode fiber te kōwhiringa pai mō ngā ipunui takotoranga, pērā i roto i tētahi whare noho, wāhi akoranga rānei, kei hea kāore ngā tawhitinga e nui ake i te tekau mita me te iti o te utu te take matua.

Ngā Whakamahinga Wāhi mō ia Kōaro

He whakamāramatia ai i te whakamahinga o ngā kiriata kotahi-ara ki te rite ki ngā kiriata maha-ara, tīhei kaua he āhua. Ko ngā kiriata ara kotahi hui noa ki ngā whakamunangia o te tāone me ngā punaha whakawhitinga roa-kawenga nō te āhua o te tuku pānui i runga i ngā tawhitinga roa kaua ko te whakauru kore. Kei te whakamahia hoki ngā kiriata ara maha ki ngā whenua ipurangi (LANs) me ngā pokapū raraunga, kei hea te nuinga o te moni me te tawhiti e here ana i te whakamahinga o ngā kiriata ara kotahi. Ko ngā take matua i te kōwhiringa i waenganui i ēnei momo kiriata ko te utu o te taraiwa, ko te tawhiti e tuku ai i te raraunga, me ngā whakaaro pūtea. Ko te mārama ki ēnei here here tikanga he mea nui hei whakapono i te performance o te whakamunanga me te iti rawa te utu.

Kahu Karioke me te Ora: Whai Mātāpuna i te Taiao

Kahu Karioke Roto vs. Waho Materia

Ko te whiriwhiri i te kiriata kable tika he mea nui ina hāere ki te taiao kei reira ka whakauruhia ngā kable miraka. Ko ngā kable rohe-kainga e whai PVC, LSZH rānei i āwhina ai i te haumarutanga ahi, ko ngā kable taone nui pea ka hiahiatia ngā kiriata e herea ai te mōrahi, pērā i te polietilene (PE) hei tiaki i ngā kaha kino o te taiao. Kua hoahoaia ēnei kiriata kia kaua e pakaru e ngā tikanga motuhake o te taiao pērā i ngā panonitanga o te wera, te kōpura o te rā, me ngā taumata o te hau. Mā te mārama ki ēnei rerekētanga, ka taea e tētahi te whiriwhiri i tētahi kiriata kable e whakapono ai i te roa o te ora me te mahi pai rawa ki ia wāhi.

Ngā Take Tūkaha mō ngā Taiao Hoki

Ko te whiti o ngā kawe pana hiko ki ngā taiao pīroiroi e whai ana i ētahi take me ngā tōraru e tika ana kia tutuki. Ki ngā whakamahinga hauora me te tauā, me whiti rawa ngā kawe kia eke ai i ngā tikanga mutunga koe, tae atu ki te whakapānga mekameka, te noho ki te kikorangi, me ngā rerekētanga o te wera. Ko ngā whakaaetanga pērā i te IEC hei whakapono i te kaha o te kawe kia eke i ēnei uarā. Ko ngā whakamātau motuhake, pērā i ngā ine inenga o te kaha taraweti me ngā whakamātau whakarewa ahi, ko ēnei he tohu matua mo te whiti o te kawe. Ko te whiriwhiri i ngā kawe kua rite ki ngā whakamātau whakapaku kia tiakina te whirinakitanga me te whakaiti i ngā here whakatika ki ngā taiao u.

Te whānui o te pūpahi me te nekehanga rara: Te whakapumau i te hononga tere

Ngā tere neke o ngā rara ki runga i ngā momo pana

He nui te whai mōhio e kitea ai ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā kiriata kotahi-ara me ngā ara kua whakarereke ai, hei whakapono i ngā tere tukatuka raraunga tino whai hua me te performance o te whatunga. Ko te kiriata ara kotahi, i hangaia ki te tuku i ngā tawhitinga roa, e whakaae ana i te raraunga kia eke ki tētahi ara anake, ka whakamahia hoki te hangarau tohu lazer, ka pai ai mō te whakawhitinga raraunga tere me te tawhiti roa—ko te tikanga ko ngā punaha raraunga kei te kapi. I te tuakiri, ko te kiriata ara maha he pūkato nui ake, e āki ai te rere o ngā ara raraunga maha i te wā kotahi, he iti ake te utu me te māmā ake ki te tāuta engari he tino pai mō ngā tawhitinga tawhiti poto. E ai ki ngā raraunga umanga, ko te kiriata ara kotahi he iti ake te whakauru me te tere ake, e tautoko ana i ngā hanganga whatunga pīroiroi pērā i ngā kapa AI me ngā pokapū raraunga e here ana i ngā tere raraunga 100G ki te 400G (Pūrongo a CommScope).

Te Whakapumau i Tō Whatunga mo ngā Kaupeka Taiwhenua

Ko te whakaputu i ngā kiriata hiko-kaha he mea nui hei whakapumau i ngā whakarahi angamua, ā, ko te nuinga nei ki te putanga mai o ngā hangarau pērā i te tōkau UHD me te IoT. Kia kaha ake ngā here tukutuku, ka nui ake te āhua o ngā kiriata hiko hei rongo i ngā whakaurunga rahi-kaha kia kore ai te pakaru. Mā te whakauru i ngā punaha kiriata matua, ka taea e ngā kaupapa whakahaere te whakakaha i te wātenga o ngā kawhiringa tawhito, ka tiakina ai kia ū ki te whakauru i ngā whakapai ake me ngā whakangikingi hou. Ko tēnei whakaritenga takunetia e āki ana i ngā tikanga pai rawa hei whakapai ake i te mahi me te āheinga whakarahi ki ngā taiao pūnaha raraunga, ā, ka taea ai e ngā kamupene te whakauru i ngā hangarau hou i te wā e puta mai ana, ka manawa tonu ai i te kaha o ngā whakarahi.

Whakamutunga: Ngā Take Matua ki te Kōwhiri i te Tika Taura Tirohanga Rīra

Ko te kōwhiri i te karioi tika o te kawhe waiariki he whakatinanatanga tūhono ki ngā āhuatanga matua e waru. Tuatahi, me whai mōhio kei te tōraroa o te kari, e pā ana ki ngā kaha o te pae bandwidth me ngā tere tuku raraunga. Hei tauira, ko ngā kawhe takirua-mōhiotia, me ō rātou iti ake te rahi o te kari, ko te tikanga mō ngā whakawhitinga roa me te tere nui. Ko te momo kawhe waiariki—te kōwhiri i waenganui i te takirua-mōhiotia me te maha-mōhiotia—ko te nuinga o te wā he painga nui; e whakaratonga ana ngā kawhe takirua-mōhiotia i te bandwidth nui ake i ngā tawhitinga roa, i te wā e iti ake te utu o ngā kawhe maha-mōhiotia mō ngā hononga iti ake. I runga i taua, me tōtuhia hoki te kōwhiri i te kahu kawhe kia rite ki ngā tikanga taiao, ka tūhonohono ai i te kaha me te whakapiro parurenga ki ngā tānaratanga haumaru.

He mea nui ki te mārama i ō koutou hiahia whakawhitinga takitahi me ngā here o te āpō he tino whakatau pai ki te inihua i te ipurangi. Ko te whakatōtika tūhonohono ki ngā here tawhiti, ngā hiahia anawa me ngā whakapai ake e matapae ana ka tihei ai kia pakari tonu, kia ono haere ai tō koutou ipurangi. Ko te tikanga ko te whai mōhio kei te whai pānga ki ngā here o nāianei anō rānei engari ki ngā tipunga tipuna, e hiahiatia ana kia manawa atu ai tō koutou punaha. Mā te whai i ēnei whakaaro ki te tika, ka whakamaru koe i tō koutou raraunga ipurangi, ka tūtohu ai i te hononga tere-tere hoki e tika ana ki ō koutou hiahia e tipu haere nei.

Wāhanga FAQ

He aha ngā kiriata ipurangi?

Ko ngā kiriata ipurangi he kirihou hoki he miramira hoki e hangaia ana hei tuku i ngā tohu mārama tūturu.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā kiriata ipurangi kotahi-ara me ngā kiriata ara-nui?

Ko ngā kawhe rara-hiko takirua he iti ake te tōpanga o te pūkoro, ā, kua whakauruhia ki te tuku i ngā rara taraweti me te tere nui, i te wā e hāngai ana ko ngā kawhe rara-hiko maha-kiriata he nui ake te tōpanga o te pūkoro e taea ai te tuku rara ki ngā tawhiti poto ake.