He aha tā kei waho nei take o te whakamahi i te tākaro fiber optic?

Uara Tūmatawhānui o Taura Tirohanga Rīra Whakauru

Uaro Matera Compared to Traditional Copper Cables

Nga tākai pūrere raepeka (kei te whakaatu i te hunga paihere) kei te nui ake te uaro matera i runga i nga tākai kōpua matatini. Koia nei, heoi anō he mea nui rawa atu i te uaro o nga tākai kōpua hīnātore. Kei te whakarite i te kawe āhua paihere, ka nui ake te uaro o te raepeka i runga i te kōpū hīnātore. Hei tētahi tauira, ko te Kaiwhakahaere Pāpori Hiko me te Kaiwhakamana Mōhiohanga (NTIA) e angitia ana, kei te toru ngā uaro hanga raepeka i runga i te kōpū hīnātore i runga i te uaro o te kōpū hīnātore, e āheinga ana i te utu mo te hanga whenua. Ahakoa he nui te uaro tūmatawhānui, he mea nui te mohiotanga ki te uaro whanui o nga matera, ina whakauru ai ki te mahi. Ahakoa he nui rawa te uaro i te wa tuatahi, ka pai rawa te mahi me te tūranga pai i roto i te wā.

Mahi me te Whakatū Rawa

Te whakatūpū i ngā pūtahi kōkiri he mea hiahia ki ngā toitu, e hīnāhina ana tēnei i ngā utu māheora i te whakatūpū i ngā hanganga ā-motu matua. Ngā purongo i roto i te rorohiko e kī ana he 20-30% nui ake ngā utu māheora mō ngā whakatūpū pūtahi kōkiri i te whakatūpū pūoro i te take o te mātauranga me te whakaaro ki ngā momo mahi e mahi nei i aua pūtahi iti. He mea hoki, te whakatakoto i tētahi rangahau o ngā pūtahi kōkiri ka hiahia koe ki te tirotiro i te hanga here kotahi hei whakamana i te whakarite, e hiahiatia ana koe kia tukua mai he kuhu hou hei whakawhanake, ki te wā kia whakatika iho hei tautoko i ngā huringa moemoeā hou. Ko tēnei rautaki whānui he nui rawa atu i te oranga tuatahi, engari kei te whai mana tonu ia hei noho i te whenua i te wā e hāngai ana.

Whakauru Whakarite Utu Mō te Wā Kaua e Mutu

Kua kī ake i te utu mō ngā whakauru pūnaha matatoki, e mohio ana ka hua mai i te wā e huri nei. E tēnei ana ngā pūnaha matatoki ki te utu whai wāhi iti me ngā utu mahi mōhio e pā ana ki te hekenga o te āhuatanga me te kaiwhakanui i te wā. Hei tauira, tētahi whakamāramatanga mō roto i ētahi paerewa kitea ai, i te wa e whakawhiti ana ngā tāone ki ngā pūnaha matatoki, i heke noa iho ngā taimoana tūranga rorohiko i te 50%, e hiahiatia nei te waiherehere moni i runga i te wā. Me whakamahia tētahi whakarite i ngā utu me ngā nui atu, e āhei ana tēnei ki te whakaaro i ngā utu mō te wā iti, engari ko ngā nui anō mō te wā roa i runga i ngā utu o te whenua o te hanganga. Ka taea e tēnei whakaaetanga e whakamanawanui ai ngā pakihi e hiahia ana ki te whakatū i ngā momo hanga matatoki i te mana ki te whakatau.

Māmā ki te Pāmu me te Whakahē ki te Mate Pūmanawa

He mea whakamahorahora ngā tākiri pūmore he wānanga raraunga matua, engari e tino noho āhea ana hoki rātou ki te whiu whenu me te whakawhitinga. Ko tēnei ka whakaū i te mōhio me te whai i te ara o ō rātou kīrehe, ko tēnei he momo whakahaere nui ake i te whakamahi mai i aua.

Whakamātau ki te Whakawhitinga me te Whakaputuputu

He whakamahara nui ngā tāhuhu pūmau ki te kinking me te twisting, ā, kei te wētai haere hoki i a rātou. Kua noho tonu te hunga mōhiotia nei i te tekoteko Copper XS i ngā tau o mua, engari kaore he whaimana tērā mo ngā tāhuhu pūmau. He whakarite tino nui te whakaae a ngā kaiwhakamārama kia kaua e whakawhitinga i ēnei tāhuhu i runga i tētahi take whakaawe, e āheinga ana ki te mate o te pūnaha here, rānei, ko te kiko o te tāhuhu. Ko te whakatūpapaku tika hei whakamātau i ngā momo whakamomori i roto i te whakatūpapaku pūmau he take pai ki te tirotiro i ngā momo whakamomori i roto i te whakatūpapaku pūmau. Ko te mutunga i te whakatakoto tika o ngā tāhuhu he take nui mō ngā hapa, ā, ko te pūnaha kīwaha i runga i ngā tohutoro tāhuhu anake ka taea te whakahokia i te 5% o te whakatere pai o te whakamātau. He tino hiahia kia mohio ki ngā hanganga me ngā takawaenga o ēnei momo tāhuhu hei whakauru i a rātou ki te whakarite i ngā āhuatanga kiko me te mahi.

Ngā Paetae Taiao E Whai Ake Ana Ki Te Tumuatanga

Hei whakarite, ka taea e ngā tāhuhu oterā hoki te whakaputu i ngā wāhi kore noa, ā, ina whai pūtake ki ngā wehewehe i te mōhiotanga, te uruawa, me te whakaaro i te tirohanga UV. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaiwhakawehi ngā rētinga me ngā pūnaha whenua i waenganui i ngā tāhuhu oterā katoa, engari ko te oranga matihaki he mea nui rawa. Ko ēnei tāhuhu kei raro anō hoki i te tuhituhi i runga i ngā momo wāhi kore noa, ka taea e rātau te whakapiki i te whakamamae i te tāhuhu i te korenga o te whakangungu i a ia, hei tauira, i raro i te whakamahi i ngā totohu whakangungu. Kei te whakamana ngā raraunga iwi i te whakauru i roto i ngā whakaritenga wāhi, nā te mea he nui ake te uaua i ngā whakaritenga wāhi kore whakaheke i te take o ngā hapa i ngā whakatū tāhuhu oterā. He nui rawa te hunga kia whakamātau pai ki ngā pūtake taiao, kia whakatika ai te whakahaere i te rāngai o ngā tāhuhu oterā.

Ngā Whakamahi i te Whakatū Huna i Nga Tauhere Tawhito

Ngā Whakaeke Whakatū Huna Kāore i Te Whakarite mo nga Whare

Whakatipu i ngā whare kōwhaiwhai kia riro hei whakamana i ngā tākaro pūnaha matihiko he mea nui te whakataunga, nā tērā kaore ngā whare e noho nei i te whakaae ki te hanga i te āhuatanga hoko. Ko te nuinga o ngā whare e noho nei, kāore i hanga hei whakarite i ngā tākaro pūnaha matihiko – he takahuri nui tēnei ki te whakamahere hou i te āhuatanga. Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakawhiti i enei, kei roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, me whakatūria e koe i ngā mahi whare nui, ko te mea nui e whai ake ana he maha rawa te utu i tukua ki te kaupapa me te wā. Hei tauira, ko ngā hua o te pātai i waenganui i ngā whenua pakihi, ko te whanui e whai ake nei i ngā whare kōwhaiwhai e hiahiatia ana te utu nui hei whakarite i ngā tākaro pūnaha matihiko. Ko tenei hiahia mo te whakahoki i runga i te whakatūpuku he tohu i te whakataunga me te utu i whakapā mai i te kīanga i ngā whare kōwhaiwhai ki ngā whakapā i roto i te ao hou pūnaha matihiko.

Ngā Whakangungu Tūmataiti me ngā Utu Whai Ake

Kei ngā whare taunahi kōnei, me hiahia ki te whakarite i ngā whakahaere tūmataiti mō ngā tāwāhi pūkākī ki runga i te āheinga moni, nā tērā e whai ake ana ngā tono ā-tauira. He mea nui ake ngā whakahaere tūmataiti nei, ka whai ake anō ngā mahi hanga me ngā tohu hei tautoko i te whānui o ngā whare taunahi moni, ko te mutunga he kaupapa nui moni. Hei tauira ngā hononga tūmataiti me ngā paepae tuarongo hei tiaki i te tūtohitanga i ngā wāhi kāore i whakaritea i mua mō ngā tāwāhi pūkākī. Nā te take moni nei, ka taea te whāngai i ngā uiuinga moni ka riro mai i te 20% i runga i ngā whakahaere taurite. Ko tēnei he whakamārama i te hiahia ki te whakamātau i ngā pai me ngā mate katoa i mua i te whakatūwhera i ēnei mahi, ināianei i roto i ngā whare tuawhenua e hiahiatia ana ki te whakahoutanga.

Ngā Whakahaerenga Pūkaha me ngā Pūkaha Hangarau

Hiahia ki ngā Tāngata Whakahaere Mōhio

He hiahia kāore i runga i ngā take whakamahi mō te tūtohu me ngā rautaki ā-waha hei whakauru i ngā tākiri pūnaha matihiko, nō reira he taumata moni i te wā e kore nei i te whakamahi. He mea nui ake ngā rauemi whakapūtahi, ngā tūtohu manawa pūnaha, ā, he iti atu, hei hanga pai rawa me te whakaaro pai rawa mō ngā pūnaha matihiko. E kitea ana ngā rautaki nei hei pūtake whakamutunga mō ngā kaihokohoko e kore nei i mōhio ki ngā whakauru pūnaha matihiko, nā te mea ko ngā take whakarereke anō hoki e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaihokohoko katoa e whai ana i tēnei mahi. Nā tētahi pūrongo matihiko nui, ka tono pea ki ētahi kaihokohoko kia whakaputuwhi mai he moni etahi $50k hei whakatū whakahau tuhipoka pūnaha matihiko. Ko tēnei he nui rawa te whakamahara mō ngā pouako e hiahia ana ki te whiti iho i ō rātau tākiri pūoro tawhito ki ngā tākiri matihiko pai ake, e angitia ana he pai rawa te tuku haere o ngā raraunga, engari e whai ake ana he nui atu moni i te wā tuatahi.

Ngā Tāpiri Whakangungu me ngā Tūtohu

Nga mahi ki te whakauru i nga kawhe kioreora me te whai i etahi whakangungu me te tohu paetae, e whakamahuatia ana he mea nui. Me whai ake te whakaako me te tohu paetae kia taea e nga kaihokohoko te whakamana i te haumaru me te pai o te whakauru. Ki te mea ka nui ake te tono mo nga ratonga kioreora, ka nui ano te utu. Ko te mohiotanga hou e kiko nei he mea ka noho utu i runga i $5,000 mo ia hangarau ki te whakarite i te hunga kiore ki te ao matua o te mana kioreora. ‘He nui te utu mo te kapitaiana tangata, he utu e eke ana i etahi bizinees kia kitea ai te kawe i te mahi ki roto i te ao kioreora, ahakoa nga painga o te wa e tere ana me te pai o te whakaaetanga i te maha o nga tau.'

Ngaa Mahi Whakatika me te Whakahaere Nui

Nga Whakapae Kiko Ka Mutu

Ko te whakarerekētanga o ngā tāhuhu iropū mō te tirohia i roto i ngā tāhuhu matua, ā, ka taea e ia te whai wā ki te whakatika. Ko te tikanga kia whakamahia ai he rautaki whakamatau tawhito hei āwhina i te tirohanga iti kia taea te tirohia ngā pai marangai mea, ā, he whakamāheke ake te tirotiro i runga i ngā rauemi. Nā reira, he hiahia ki ngā take whakauru hei whakamahi mo te tirohanga i ngā tūnga pūnaha iropū, pēnei i ngā whakamātau wā-kai-ā-wā (OTDR), kia taea te whakatika i ngā tūnga pūnaha i te wā hē. He nui ake hoki ngā wā e kore nei i te mahi, ka kitea mai i ngā raraunga he 60% te wā e hēnei ana i te wā i te tūnga pūnaha iropū i te wā i te tūnga pūnaha porohita. Ka mutu, ko te wā e kore nei i te mahi e whakapakari ana i te whakatupuranga o tō mahi, nā reira he whakaaro nui kia mōhio pai ki enei momo whakarerekē.

Te Wā e Kore nei i te Mahi me ngā Uru Whakahuanga

Whakatika i ngā hononga rereke he mea iti noa iho kāore i te pai rawa i te whai take, nō te mahi tohunga e hiahiatia ana me te take i te wā o te kore. He rangahau tino whakaatu i kitea nei, ko ngā whakahoki rereke e pūmau ana ngā rua ki ngā toru waenga atu i ngā whakahoki tāwai hou, e hiahiatia nei ki te whakatūpato ā-wā moe e roa atu. Me whakaaetia e ngā whirinaki ēnei take e pa ana, nō reira i runga i ngā take, ka mutu ngā wharauranga iti (rānei) ka hinga i tētahi wā e huringa ana i te oranga i te taupānga $500 mō ia wā kore i roto i te whirinaki. ‘Ki te whakauru i ēnei whakaaro ki roto i tā tātou rautaki matua, ka taea e mātou te whakarite i tētahi whakaaetanga pai hei whakaiti i ngā pūtake moni o ngā pūnaha whakahaere e hiahia ana ki te whakahoki i ngā hononga rereke.'

FAQ

He aha te take i te mea he nui ake te take o ngā tāwai rereke i te take o ngā tāwai tāwai?

Nā te mea he whenua rerekē, pērā i te sikila rānei ko te kiri, he nui ake te take o ēnei rawa i te take o ngā mete e whakamahi ana i ngā tāwai tāwai. Ko tēnei, ā, ko te take hihiko i ngā hanga whakamua, ka huihui ki te take nui.

He aha ngā paunga whai take o te whakatōpū i roto i te hunga rauemi pūtahi ā-momo ki runga i ngā uiui tūmatawhiti?

Ki te whakatōpū i ngā rauemi pūtahi, ka tae atu ngā paunga whai take mō te wā e hāngai ana, pērā i ngā utu whai manahe iti, te heke iti i te korenga o te pākete, me te whai hua nui ake i te whakamahana o te waiora, e āhei ana nei i ngā uiui tūmatawhiti i muri i te wā.

Me pēhea te taiao e whakarite ana ki te whai kaha o ngā tāhuhu rauemi pūtahi?

Ka taea e ngā momo taiao, pērā i ngā wea waewae, te wai, me te tuhituhi UV, te whakapanga i te whai kaha o ngā tāhuhu rauemi pūtahi. He hiahia nui ki te whakatū i ngā whakangungu hei tiaki i a rātou i runga i enei momo whenua.

He aha ngā take i roto i te whakaaturanga anō mai i ngā whare tawhito mō ngā whakatūpū rauemi pūtahi?

Ka nui ngā take i te whakaaturanga anō mai i ngā whare tawhito, nā te mate i te kore haere tonu o ngā hanganga, e hiahiatia ana te mahi hanganga nui me ngā ratonga tūhono, e āhei ana nei i te whakapai i ngā uiui moni o te kaupapa.

He aha te take o te whakakoheretanga mō ngā toihautū e mahi ana i raro i ngā rauemi pūtahi?

Ina he mea hoko matihiko, ka hiki i te hunga toitu ki te whakangungu me te tohu mōhiotanga ā-wāhanga hei whakamana i te haumaru me te pai o ngā tūtohunga, e whiwhi ana i ngā utu whakahaere mō ngā pakihi.