Single-Mode Taura Tirohanga Rīra : Tumu Whakawaha Pūnaha Rawa
Ngā Taumata Matua me te Puta Mīhini
Uruwhenua Pūnaha vs. Uruwhenua Pūnaha Matatika 26Ahu Ake Ngā tohu ā-wahine o ngā uruwhenua pūnaha uruwhenua e waihanga i a rātou e tētahi kīwaha whenua ki te whakamana i te kōrero mō te whakaputa i te raraunga mō ngā rohe nui. Ko ēnei uruwhenua he pūnaha iti noa iho, he takirua 8-10 mikrona, me te pai rawa hei whakawhiti i tētahi momo kiriata anō. Ka whakaiti ēnei hanganga i te whakarerekē kiriata, me te itinga wehi hoki hei whakamahi i te pai o te purongo mō ngā rohe nui. Ki te whakapai i te kamo whakaputa, ko ngā puna kiriata mō te marama, pēnei i ngā raeta, me te whakawehi i te rohe whakamana mai i te 40 Kirokameetere ki te 100 Gbps. Nā te kirekire hoki o te kākano kiri kapa nui kei a ia te pai o te purongo me te rohe whakaputa nui.
Whakamahi Tino Whai Take mō ngā Pūnaha Whiriwhiri Kōrero
Ko te pūtahi-tahi te whakatū tonu hei tūranga moemoeā mō ngā rorohiko whakapā mai. He whakatenetene te whakaaro kia pai ai te whakahaere i ngā rārangi nui, īnā he hiahia ki te tautoko i ngā rīpoata nui, ina hoki ngā hononga i waenganui i ngā whenua, e taea ana te tiki i ngā huringa whakapā mai. Ko te whakamana me te tiwhikiti o te whakaputa raraunga i waenga i ngā rohe e whai ake nei, ko te take he whakamana i te kaipūkenginga huarahi (ISPs) rānei ko ētahi atu whakahaere nui i te ao. He whakamātau i te wāhanga haere o te whenua e whiwhi ana i te 85% o ngā rorohiko whakapā mai i runga i ngā pūtahi-tahi, e whakaatu ana i te noho tino hēngi o tēnei hangarau i ō rātau raraunga whakapā mai i tenei wā.
Nga paihana mo nga rangapu 100G+ me nga taura moana
He mōhio nui ake ngā pūtahi ā-wahine ki te tautuhi waenganui hihiko e hiahiatia ana hei whai i ngā hīkoi rara mo ngā marae kōnui o wā me ngā tūmomo rara hou, e whakamana ana he taumata nui rawa atu i 100 Gbps. Kua whakauru noatia tēnei hanganga ki te wāhi tāngata o ngā tāwhiti moana, kei reira ka taea ai te whakamutu haerenga rara i runga i ngā tawaha nui o te moana. Ko tā rātau take nui hoki he whakapakari i ngā hīkoi rara mo ngā tūmomo mahi e hiahiatia ana te painga i te wā he uriuri, ko te whenua rānei. Ko tā rātau mana here kei te whakarite i te whakatā nei, e hiahia ana ki te whai i te whakaaturanga whānui.
Pūnaha Whakamaharatanga Taura Tirohanga Rīra : Tahuri Herehere Poto Rongoā
OM1 ki OM5: He Taupānga Ngaire Tūhononga
He aha te take i te whakamahi i ngā tākaro pūtaiao rorohiko maha? He mea kē ngā tākaro pūtaiao rorohiko maha hei whakahoutanga i ngā huringa āhuatanga, e base ana i ō rātou rahi core me ngā pūmanawa whanaketanga, ka puta hei rite ki ngā momo tuatahi – OM1 – OM5. Ka pai ngā OM1 me ngā OM2 hei whakaritenga mō ngā tono iti, iti rawa atu, nō reira ka pai ngā OM3, OM4, me ngā OM5 hei whakawhiti rara moana nui, me ngā ratonga e kitea nei ki te 400 Gbps. Ko ēnei tākaro he index pakari, ā, kei te taea te whakaiti i ngā modal displaysion, no reira, he pai mō te whakapā mai i ngā rara moana iti i roto i ngā taiao kaimahi rānei, kāinga ako rānei. Ko tēnei whakaaetanga o te wero me te momo i ngā tākaro pūtaiao maha e mahi ai hei whakaaweawe i ngā taiao e hiahiatia ana ngā pūmanawa nui, engari inaianei mō te wheako iti anake.
Nga Whakamahinga Matatohu Raraunga me te Whakamahere Tawhiti
Kei roto i te whare hua raraunga, he mea nui ake ngā tākiri pūrere mōhiti ā-waha, nō te mea i te pai rawa rātau i te tuku hononga iti nei i roto i ngā tautohe kaiwhakapuaki ki uta, ki waho. E whiwhi ana rātau i te whakamahi i ngā tākiri whakatīmata, he rauropi mō ngā hononga hangarite me ngā tūtohu papori. I te aronga ā-ahumanga, ka tohua e ngā tākiri mōhiti ā-waha nei ngā uara ahumanga iti, i runga i te whakatau i te whakamahi i ngā tākiri pūrere kē. Ko tēnei uara ahumanga iti, whakapai tonu i te whanonga, e mahi ana hei tākiri mōhiti ā-waha matua mō ngā momo whakamahi whe awahea, kei reira te whakaae hononga ki te noho atawhai.
Whakauru Moniāroa i ngā Whakahaere LAN
Te mahere whakararo anamata he kaiwhakaaro maha noa iho mo nga raeti kotahi (LAN) me etahi atu ratonga, ahakoa ka timata te raraunga i waenganui o nga tohu iti. Ko tona uara-taenga moni, ina e kite ana i te nuinga, kei reira tonu ia hei whakaae haeretia mo ngā kura me ngā pakihi iti. Hei aha i ngā purongo whenua, ko te utu whakauru mo nga mahere whakararo anamata he iti noa iho i te utu mo nga mahere whakararo kotahi. Ko tenei, inahea ko te mea hoki e hokihoki nei i te take iti, me te whakauru, ka whakaae haeretia he momo whakaritenga mo etahi e hiahia ana ki nga hononga nui i waenganui o nga tohu iti.
Pūmaero Matihiko (POF): Whiringa Pai Mō te Utu
Te Whakauru Polymer vs Ngā Pūmaero Kiritō
Te whakamahinga hou o ngā pūtahi optika (POFs) he whakaeke hou ki te marae optika, nā te whakangungu polymer tōna hanganga, e ai ki te tatau, ko te poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA). Ko tēnei rauira he wana i te āhua me te whakarite i runga i ngā momo kiriwhara. He taumata nui hoki o te POF tōna whatitanga matua rahi, inaianei ko te 1 mm, ka noho rawakore ake te whakaritorito i runga i ngā mata o te maha. Hei horopaki, ka heitū te take whai mānga o te pūtahi. Ko te whakaaturanga o te hunga whakangungu e pai ana, nā te mea ko te POF he kotahi rahi rawa atu i ngā pūtahi kiriwhara, e āwhina ana i tēnei paheko mo ētahi tūtohu, ā, kei roto i ētahi atu wā ka kitea he whakaaetanga e tino whakaiti ana i tērā tūmomo.
Kāwai Motokā me Ngā Rangahau Whare
Nā runga i ngā āhuatanga kē o te POF ka whakaatu i te wheako mai ki ngā hiahia o ngā rōpū motokā me ngā rāngai whakarongo i roto i te kāinga. Kei roto i te rāngai motokā, e pai ana te POF nā runga i tōna mohiotanga iti, ā, ko tāna hoki kāore i whakarerekētia e ngā huataki elektromagnetika, mahia nei hei wāhanga nui noa iho hei whakangungu mō ngā rāngai whakawhitinga i roto i ngā motokā. Mō ngā rāngai whakarongo i roto i te kāinga, ka tukua e te POF he whakatere hou iti me te utu iti mō ngā tono hangarau pūoro, kei reira he hononga tūmanawa me te kore whakarerekētanga i hiahia ai. Ko tēnei taurangi hangarau whakamahere e whakahaere ana i te whētau o te POF, nā ngā rangahau paerewa i whakaatuhia te whētau pūnengi i te whakamahi a te POF, nā ngā āhuatanga matua e ārahi ana i runga i ngā momo hangarau kē, e 15% P.A. i ngā tau e whai ake nei, nā te nui o ngā paunga o te hangarau.
Tauwhirotanga i ngā Pūnaha me te Tawhiwhi
Heoi, ko te POF e whakamatautau ana i te whanui rānei me te mīhini. Ki te tipu, he nui ake te āhei mo te rahinga 1 Gb/s, ā, e tika ana ki te whakawhiti i runga i te kua o 100m, e whakarite ana ki te kua e pae ana i tana whakamahi i roto i ngā rangahau matua. Nō reira, i kitea i ngā mate nei ka heke iho te hiahia mo te POF mo ngā tono whakapapa nui. Ko tenei i whakaatu ai i ngā tataki; ka whakamahi te POF i rohe iti noa, engari kāore i whai hua pai rawa i roto i ngā whakapapa nui i waenganui i te kiriware. Ka noho te POF me te PMMA i rohe iti, kei reira ko te panga moni e nui ake nei i te paanga hiranga.
Ngā Whakaaetanga Matua Ki Wāhi Kākano Rorohiko
Whakaputa Tauwhiro Pūmau
Ki te whakatau i ngā momo kākano opepere e noho ana i roto i te paerewa, ka kitea he mea nui ake ia rātou mō ēngaro āhuarahi tētahi. Ko te kākano pūnaha iti i te ara, koia te kaihautū i ngā tohu ki waho i 40 km (26 mai) rānei, e pai ana hei whakawhiti kōrero mō te wā e hirahira ana. Ki runga i tēnei, ko ngā kākano mano mano, e whakapae ana ki ngā āhuarahi poto i waenganui i te 300 mete, he pai tonu hei whakamana i ngā huanga nui ki ngā āhuarahi tika. Ko te Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) - e whakaarohia ana he tino whakaiti rawa - me te pasterdent, he take hauora niho mō te kāinga, ko te Plastic Optical Fiber e whai ake nei i ngā āhuarahi poto rawa - kāore i te nui i 100 mete - me utu pai ake he pai tonu ki ngā taiao kāore i te whakapae. Ka mahi tēnei tuhinga whakataurite hei whakaaeheke i a koe ki te whiriwhiringa i te momo kākano e tika ana mō ō uara tūmanako.
Kaitohu Pūnaha: Maramara vs Kotahi
I te wa e kawe ana i nga oneone o nga raetiki whakaputa, ko te mana hapa o te pūnaha he mea nui mo te whakaaro. Ahakoa ka noho ngā tāngata maimoana hei whakarite ki te mana hapa mo te nuinga o nga taupokihanga, kaore i te whiwhi mai i te take o nga raetiki tuatahi, kei reira ko nga raetiki tuatahi e pa ana i o ratau mana hapa i runga i te 400 Gbps. Ko tenei mana hapa nui e whakamana ana i te raetiki tuatahi i te mana hapa e hiahiatia ana e nga rangaporo whenua me nga pūnaha raraunga nui. Ko nga matatika horahoratanga e whakaatu ana i te mana hapa nei ka awhina i tenei mahi, me te whakaatu i te aha te kapeneiti etahi raetiki e taea ai, ano he aha te raetiki pai rawa mo nga hiahia taupokihanga.
Whakauru Moni: POF vs Kahu Tirohanga
Nō te whakaaro o ngā raupatu, he whai ake ngā āhuatanga kohanga mo POF me ngā pūhā kiritahi hoki. Ki te kitea i te matawhāiti, ka kitea e koe te POF hei whakapiki i te moni iti nā te utu ritorito iho, e mahi ana nei i te whakamahinga mō ngā tawhiwetanga poto me ngā bugetitanga iti. Heoi, ki te hiahia koe ki te whakatauhia mō te wā e hoa ana, ka nui ake te whaihua o ngā pūhā kiritahi i te wā e houkimo nei, nā te mea ka pai ake te mahi mō te whakapai i ngā mahi tūmomo ki runga i te wā, ka whakaiti atu te whakarereke o te pūmau me te tirotiro i te whakahaere i ngā tūmomo. E noho ana tēnei hei whakamārama i te utu i roto i te wā e houkimo nei, ko te kawe ake i te whakaaturanga o te oranga o ngā pūhā mō ngā kaupapa whakahaere, ka taea e rātau te whakaaro i ngā whakataunga whakahaere mō te wā e houkimo nei, me ngā whakataunga whakahaere mō ngā tūmomo nui.
Kitea i te Pūnaha Poututeaki Mō te Rīpoata me ngā Rāpoi
Whakamātau i te Tipea Kable hei Whakarite i ngā Hanga
He tākaro pūtahi ka whakatipu i te haurongo, heoi anō, ko te haurongo matua e hāngai ana ki tōu momo rīpoata me te tūranga. He whakamaharatanga nui kia whakamatau i ngā hiahia ki roto i ia wāhi whakamahi — pēnei i te whakamahi mō ngā rīpoata whare noa iho rānei, rānei mō ngā puhipuhi raraunga nui. Kitea rawa te whakatau i ngā take e āhei ana ki te whakarite i ngā taunaki nei, pērā i ngā haere, ngā pūnaha, me ngā rahi o ēnei wāhi, nā te mea e rerekē ana ēnei wāhi i aua take. Hoki haere, ko ngā tākaro pūtahi tuatahitanga i whakaaroia mō ngā huarahi roa, nā te itinga i te matei tohu, ā, ko ngā tākaro pūtahi rite tuatoru i whakamahiia mō ngā whakaputa hiko ki te wā ā-rangi iti, pērā i ngā whakaputa i waenganui i ngā whare i roto i tētahi rīpoata momo-taone, rānei ki roto i tētahi puhipuhi raraunga.
Whakangungu i te Wāheke me ngā Whakahau Rama
Te whakauru ki te pūtahi ā-momo pūhoro he mea mārama ki te whakaaro anō i te hanganga rohe tūranga, nā te whakamahere i a ia mo ngā momo hangarau me ngā whakamahi hou. E whakaatu ana ngā whare āpure pūhoro i te mahi tahi me te kawenga, whakaae mai i te waihangatanga o te pūngao me te tirotiro haumaru i te whakapae i te hokinga i te rautaki tuhipoka. Nā ngā whakaaturanga o te whenua e pai ana, ka taea te whakaaro i te whakapae mo te tono mo te pūhoro hei whai i te hunga atu nui ake e haere ana ki te mahi ki runga i te kīwaha, me te raraunga i te rautaki tuhipoka. Ki te whakauru i ngā tākiri pūhoro matua, ka mutu i te whaihua i te whakatū i tētahi hanganga tūranga matua me te kawe iho i te tūroa.
Ngā Paetae Taiao i ngā Whakauru Waho
Te Kaitohu i te Rauemi Tātaki Rorohiko Tōmua Tōmuri Tētahi rauemi tātaki rorohiko tōmua tōmuri he mea kīhai i whakaaetia, ka whakaaro ngā whakahaere ki ngā āhuatanga o te taiao e tūneke ana ki te rauemi, pērā i ngā wāhanga me te whakapāngia UV. He aha ngā rauemi tātaki rorohiko tōmura tōmuri, me ngā kēkerengutu whaiherehere, me ngā momo huarere whaiwhai, ā, ka taea noa iho te whakarerekē nui i ngā mahi me ngā roa o tētahi tūtohunga i roto i ngā taiao kino. Ka whakahoki ngā kaiwhakahaere taiao mō te whakamātau whanui i ngā wāhi tūtohunga hei whakatau i ngā rauemi tātaki rorohiko tōmura tōmuri e pai rawa ana. Ko te whakamahere i ēnei pūtake, ka riro mai te whakaiti i ngā hapa i muri nei, ā, ka puta he tūtohunga tūhononga pai me te whakawātea.
FAQ
He aha te roa whakaputa o ngā waehu matihiko moe-tahi?
Ka taea e ngā waehu matihiko moe-tahi e whakapuaina ana i runga i te 40 kiromita.
Nō ēhea kēnana e pai ana mo ngā waehu matihiko toru-moe?
Nō ngā whakaputa iti rawa atu ko ngā waehu matihiko toru-moe he pai rawa, inari heoi i roto i ngā whare mahi, kāpeka, me ngā puhipuhi raraunga.
He aha ngā paunga moni o te whakamahi i ngā pūtēra kōwhaiwhai?
Kei te tino nui ngā paunga moni o ngā pūtēra kōwhaiwhai mā te iti i ngā utu whakatūpūtanga i āianei i ngā pūtēra kōwhaiwhai kiriwhara, mea nui ka taea e rātau te whakarite hei whakamahinga mo ngā tūtohi iti me ngā pouaka iti.
Me pēhea te whakatūngia o ngā mahere kōwhaiwhai e pāngia ana e ngā momo taiao?
Ka āheinga ngā atihau taiao pērā i ngā whakarerekē o te waimārama me te whakapāpā UV ki te hīkoi o ngā mahere kōwhaiwhai, me te hiahia ki ngā momo mahere whakauru hei whakamana i te tiari.